Volatile substances (sometimes called solvents) are compounds which give off a vapour or fumes at room temperature and include petrol, glue, paint, varnish and varnish removers, and many aerosols.
The recreational sniffing of solvents has become relatively common, particularly amongst adolescents in Australia, with the mean age of solvent abusers being 12–15. Solvent use frequently occurs while the central nervous system is still in the process of developing and for this reason the risks associated with solvent use during adolescence are heightened.

Physical Effects

• Peripheral neuropathy
• Ataxia
• Anaemia
• Impaired renal and hepatic function
• Increased risk of accidental head injury via intoxication and disinhibition

Cognitive and Psychological Effects

• Memory impairment
• Paranoia and psychosis
• Reduced insight and judgement leading to risk taking behaviour
• Reduced capacity for abstraction and complex thinking